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From 1866 to Statehood
 | about MLA09, post a thread or email mlahi09@gmail.com. |
We left off in a time where Hawaii was experiencing watershed events in it’s political, economy and cultural landscape. As the whaling industry declined the plantation industry, mainly sugarcane and pineapple industry, became the mainstay of Hawaii’s economy. The plantation industry demanded a great amount labor and so they came in waves, first from China, then Japan, Portugal, Philippines, with others to follow.
Now you have this great opportunity to experience on this island, the most isolated metropolis in the world, the many different cultures living peacefully and united under one flag of the United States of America. This work is in no way a complete chronology of Hawaiian history. Here’s more food for thought. More Hawaiian times follow:
1874 David Kalakaua (1836-1891) elected over his rival, Queen Emma. King Kalakaua wrote the lyrics to his Kingdom’s national song Hawaii Ponoi. Captain Henry Berger, bandmaster of the Royal Hawaiian Band put it to music. The song was officially made the Hawaiian Kingdom’s national anthem in 1876. In 1967 it became our state anthem. Listen to the song.
1879 The word Iolani means bird of heaven. King David Kalakaua replaces a smaller Iolani Palace that was on the same site with the current Iolani Palace. Construction of the current Iolani Palace began by King David Kalakaua and completed in 1882.
1881 From 1853 to 1881 there were four smallpox epidemics that left c45,000 Kanaka Maoli (Hawaiians), c10,000 Chinese, and c3,000 Caucasians dead. Because of the smallpox epidemics a Small-Pox Hospital opened and closed a year later. 1884 Hawaiian government started extending its hospitals to the outer islands. Until then there were only the seamen hospitals. The first was the Malulani Hospital in Wailuku, Maui. Followed in 1888 by the Koloa Cottage Hospital in Koloa, Kauai and Hilo Memorial Hospital in 1897 on the Big Island.1890 Kapiolani Maternity and Gynecological Hospital founded by Queen Kapiolani and was intended to "propagate and perpetuate the race." The Hawaiian population had fallen from highs of 300,000 in 1778 to 73,138 in 1853.1891 Kalakaua dies, succeeded by his sister, Queen Liliuokalani (1838-1917).
1893 Queen Liliuokalani -- and the Kingdom of Hawaii -- overthrown. Revolution ends with Provisional Government, headed by President Sanford Dole.
1894 Republic of Hawaii.
1898 Hawaii becomes a U.S. Territory.
1900 In January, a fire set to rid Chinatown of bubonic plague, goes out of control and destroys thousands of homes and businesses. Hawaiian population down to c37,600. In the aftermath of the plague the Japanese Benevolent Society decided to build 38-bed Japanese Charity Hospital in Kapalama district. Part of the hospital was given over to the U.S. Army during WWII. The name was changed at this time to Kuakini Hospital and Home. In 1970 there was the addition of a new administration building which included a library, records, medical educatation and volunteer and medical social services offices. An article published in 1985 reviewed the history of the hospital and points out its research programs such as the Honolulu Heart Program and the Japan-Hawaii Cancer Study. 1902 Leahi Hospital founded to treat tuberculosis. It was followed by hospitals in Kula, Maui (1910 - Maui County Farm); Hilo, Hawaii (1912 - Puumaile Hospital) and Kapaa, Kauai (1917 - Samuel Mahelona Hospital).1909 Governor Walter Frear privatized Queen's Hospital, terminating free medical care for indigent sick and disabled Hawaiians. 1913 Library of Hawaii opens on the corner of King and Punchbowl Streets in a Carnegie Building. The first Hollywood films are made "on location" in Hawaii: "The Shark God" and "Hawaiian Love."
1916 Hawaii National Park created on the Big Island; renamed Hawaii Volcanoes National Park in 1961.
1917 Queen Lili'uokalani dies at her home Washington Place.
1921 Straub Hospital then known as The Clinic opened. Name was later changed to Straub Clinic in 1952. Article in Hawaii Medical Journal published as an editorial to signify its 50th Anniversary. Reclamation of Waikiki swampland begins. 1922 U.S. Congress enacts Hawaiian Homes Commission Act on July 9, providing for homesteading by native Hawaiians.
1927 St Francis Hospital opened on Liliha Street by the Sisters of St. Francis with 50-beds. Short article commemorating its 25th Anniversary was written in the Hawaii Medical Journal.
1931 The notorious Massie case makes national headlines. Thalia Massie, a Navy wife, claims she was assaulted by five local men. We recommend this excellent account of the case, written in 2005 by David E. Stannard, "Honor Killing," published by Viking.
1941 December 7, 1941 "a day which will live in infamy." The Japanese attack Pearl Harbor. At the end of the attack 5 of the 8 American battleships were sunk or sinking and 2400 Americans were dead.
1945 May 8th war ends in Europe. Aug 6 atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima, Japan killing 70,000. Second bomb dropped on Nagasaki. Japan surrenders Aug 14. On Sept 2nd the Japanese sign surrender papers on the USS Missouri in Tokyo Bay. You can now visit the USS Missouri as it now lies in Pearl Harbor.
1945 U. S. Committee on Territories recommends that Hawaii be made a state. For over 10 years the Senate continuously opposes the measure.
1948 Tripler Army Hospital opens with 1500 beds for military personnel and their dependents. This hospital now has 200 beds.The Spark M. Matsunaga VA Medical Center can be found attached but a separate facility on the mauka (mountain-side) of the facility. Eventually the facility would have two libraries a Medical Library for the medical staff and a public services library (closed in 2006). Tripler is the only tertiary care hospital in the Pacific Basin and serves 264,000 local active and retired military and their dependents. Its the home of the Pacific Regional Medical Command, one of the six geographical-based regional medical commands in the U.S. Army Medical Command.1959 Hawaii becomes the 50th State. In the first state elections, 170,000 of 183,000 registered voters voted (93.6%) and elected 42 of Oriental descent. The Mainland’s best all-time voting record is 77.4%. Whew. So many dates and so little time. There are many historical sites and museums to visit associated with the above dates and events. Aloha and welcome to Hawaii!
| | about MLA09, post a thread or email mlahi09@gmail.com. |
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, Aug 21 2008, 3:00 AM EDT
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